Just War and the Ethics of Espionage

The War on Terror has raised many new, thorny issues of how we can determine acceptable action in defense of our liberties. Western leaders increasingly use spies to execute missions unsuitable to the military. These operations raise critical ethical questions—is spying limited by moral considerations? If so, what are they and how are they determined? Cole argues that spying is an act of force that may be a justifiable means to secure order and justice among political communities. He explains how the just war moral tradition, with its roots in Christian moral theology and Western philosophy, history, custom and law might help us come to grips with the moral problems of spying.